How is a 2-D image created using a phased array transducer?

A 2-D image using a phased array transducer is created by sequentially activating a series of adjacent crystals in a specific pattern. This technique allows for the electronic steering of the ultrasound beam, enabling the transducer to emit multiple waves simultaneously, which can be directed to different angles and depths within the body.

The phased array design, consisting of multiple small crystals, is particularly advantageous in cardiac imaging because it provides flexibility in beam direction without the need for mechanical movement of the transducer. As the crystals are activated in groups and at various intervals, the ultrasound waves can construct a continuous image by reflecting off of the different structures within the heart.

This method enhances spatial resolution and allows for real-time imaging of the heart, making it especially useful for dynamic assessment of cardiac function. Thus, the ability to sequentially control multiple crystals is fundamental to generating effective two-dimensional images in echocardiography.