What are the two cusps of the mitral valve?

The mitral valve, which is located between the left atrium and left ventricle of the heart, consists of two distinct cusps known as the anterior and posterior cusps. The anterior cusp is broad and is involved in the valve's ability to facilitate blood flow from the left atrium into the left ventricle during diastole. The posterior cusp, while smaller, also plays a crucial role in maintaining the valve's functionality and preventing regurgitation when the ventricle contracts during systole.

Understanding the anatomy of the mitral valve is essential for cardiac sonographers, as it helps in assessing its function and identifying any conditions such as mitral valve prolapse or stenosis. The specific naming of the cusps as anterior and posterior reflects their positions in relation to the left atrium, with the anterior cusp facing forward and the posterior cusp located towards the back of the heart. This anatomical knowledge aids in interpreting echocardiographic images accurately and informs clinical decision-making regarding various cardiac conditions.