What is the primary purpose of a mitral valve commissurotomy?

The primary purpose of a mitral valve commissurotomy is to repair and remove scar tissue from the leaflets. This surgical procedure is typically indicated for patients who have mitral valve stenosis, which is often caused by rheumatic fever leading to scarring and fusion of the valve leaflets. During commissurotomy, the surgeon opens up the fused areas of the valve leaflets to enhance blood flow through the valve, thus alleviating symptoms of stenosis and improving heart function.

This procedure aims to restore the valve's functionality without the need for replacement, making it distinct from other interventions such as valve replacement. It's also important to note that promoting valve calcification does not align with the objectives of this procedure, as calcification usually contributes to further stenosis rather than relief from it. Increasing the size of the valve can occur as a result of the surgery, but the fundamental intent remains focused on repairing and restoring the existing structures of the valve rather than altering its size alone.