What phenomenon occurs when an ultrasound beam is deflected from a straight path?

The phenomenon that occurs when an ultrasound beam is deflected from a straight path is known as refraction. This happens when the ultrasound wave travels through different tissues that have varying densities or elastic properties. As the sound waves encounter these interfaces, their speed changes, causing the angle of the wave to change and bend. This bending of the ultrasound beam is a direct result of the alteration in propagation speed, leading to the deflection from its initial straight path.

Understanding refraction is particularly important in echocardiography and other ultrasound imaging modalities because it can influence how structures are visualized and interpreted. For example, if a structure appears distorted or in a different location than it actually is due to refraction, it can affect diagnostic accuracy. Recognizing the role of refraction is essential for sonographers to make appropriate adjustments and interpretations of ultrasound images.